嘉禾烟区云烟99适宜留叶数与上部叶采收方式研究

Optimal Remained Leaves Number and Harvest Mode of Upper Leaves of Yunyan 99 in Jiahe Tobacco Area

通过考察农艺性状、经济性状与烤后烟叶化学成分,初步研究了烤烟品种云烟99在郴州嘉禾的适宜留叶数与上部叶采收方式。结果表明:留叶17片和留叶15片处理的云烟99烟株农艺性状差异不明显,但留叶17片处理的上中等烟比例、均价和产值分别较留叶15片处理的高3.2个百分点、3.9%和4.8%,其中产值提高显著;留叶17片和留叶15片处理烤后烟叶化学成分含量有一定差异,留叶15片处理还原糖与钾含量更接近优质烟标准,而留叶17片处理烟碱含量更接近优质烟标准。上部叶采收方式对云烟99烟株农艺性状影响不明显,上部叶一次采收处理的产量与产值较常规分次采收处理略有下降,但有利于提高上部烟叶质量,主要表现为钾含量提高和烟碱含量降低。这表明云烟99在郴州嘉禾烟区种植的适宜留叶数为17片,同时上部叶一次采收是可行的。

The optimal remained leaves number and harvest mode of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 99 were studied by determination of agronomic traits, economic traits and chemical components in cured leaves. The results showed that: there was no evident difference in agronomic traits of Yunyan 99 between remained 17 leaves treatment and remained 15 leaves treatment, while the average price, proportion of superior and middle leaves and output value of remained 17 leaves treatment were higher than those of remained 15 leaves treatment by 3.9%, 3.2 percent point and 4.8% respectively, in which the increase in output value was significant.There existed differences in chemical components content in cured leaves between remained 17 leaves treatment and remained 15 leavestreatment, content of reducing sugar and K in remained 15 leaves treatment was more close to standard of high-quality tobacco than thoseof remained 17 leaves treatment, while content of nicotine showed the opposite trend between the two treatments. The harvest mode ofupper leaves had no effect on agronomic traits of Yunyan 99. Compared to traditional harvest mode, yield and output value of upper leaves one time harvest treatment were slightly decreased, while the quality of upper leaves was improved, and it mainly showed an increase of K content and decrease of nicotine. So the optimal remained leaves number of Yunyan 99 in tobacco area of Jiahe County, Chenzhou City was17, and harvest upper leaves by one time was feasible.