钾肥不同基追比对烤烟K326烟叶品质的影响

Effect on Quality of K326 Flue-cured Integrated with Different Ratio of Basal Fertilizer to Dreesing Fertilizer of Potassium Fertilization

在钾肥用量不变的前提下,为明确钾肥的最佳基追比例,通过梯度对比试验,比较了钾肥不同基肥与追肥配比对K326烟叶的外观质量、内在化学成分及感官评吸的影响。结果表明:在钾肥的基肥与追肥配比为4︰6时,烤后烟叶的成熟度、颜色、叶片结构、油分及色度均有改善,烟叶的外观质量达到最优;烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量增加,总氮和烟碱含量有所增加但均处于合理范围,同时各项化学成分指标更趋于协调;增加了烟叶的香气质和香气量,减小了刺激性和杂气,改善烟叶吃味。综合考虑钾肥不同基追比对烟叶品质的影响,建议在生产中钾肥的基肥和追肥配比为4︰6,以提高烟叶工业可用性。

To explore the optimum ratio of basal fertilizer to dressing fertilizer of potassium fertilizer applied on K326, the effect on appearance quality, internal chemical compositions and sensory evaluation of the tobacco were studied through comparative experiments with different ratio of basal fertilizer to dressing fertilizer under the premise of the same amount of potassium fertilizer. The results showed when it was applied with 40% basal fertilizer and 60% dressing fertilizer, the maturity, color, leaf structure, oil content and chromaticity were all improved and the appearance of the tobacco leave had the best performance; with the increased content of total sugar and reducing sugar; in addition, the increased content of total nitrogen and nicotine, the tobacco tended to have more equal distributions of chemical compositions; the improved quantity and quality of the odor with the decreased pungent odor made the sensory evaluation of thetobacco much better. As mentioned above and based on an overall consideration of the effect of tobacco leave comprehensive quality, theapplication of 40% basal fertilizer together with 70% dressing fertilizer of potassium fertilizer were recommended for K326 flue-curedtobacco, it could improve the availability for commercial value.