不同受教育水平农户的畜禽养殖规模差异分析

Analysis of the different breeding scale of farmers at different educational levels

为了解不同文化程度农户畜禽养殖规模的差异问题,运用无条件分位数回归与FEL差异分解方法,利用全国7个省份蛋鸡规模化养殖户调研数据展开了实证研究。结果表明:高中以下、高中及以上两类受教育水平农户的经营规模间存在明显差异,且差异在整体规模分布上呈上升趋势;两类农户的养殖规模受到不同决策机制的制约;农户的资源禀赋和外部环境对差异具有一定影响,但教育水平分割是造成差异的主要原因。据此,提出针对不同受教育水平农户采取差异化的规模化养殖发展政策,以多种方式提升农村教育水平,并在现阶段重点推动高中教育在农村中的普及,以及加快土地流转、加强规模化养殖的政策扶持与农业技术推广的政策建议。

In order to understand the differences in the scales of breeding livestock which have been caused by farmers'variant educational levels, the present study, by adopting unconditional quantile regression and FEL parametercounterfactual decomposition method, undertakes an empirical research on the data of the laying hens of large-scalebreeding farmers in seven provinces in our country. The results show that there is an obvious difference between themanagement scales of the two types of farmers who are under senior middle school level and who are senior middleschool or above, that the difference tends to be rising in the overall size distribution, that the breeding scales of the twotypes of farmers are restrained by different decision-making mechanism, that farmers' resources, talents and externalenvironment all exert certain influence on the differences, but that the differentiation of educational levels is the mainfactor. Accordingly, the present essay advocates diverse large-scale development policies according to differenteducational levels, improves the educational levels in the rural area in various ways, promotes the popularization of thesenior school education in the rural area as a focus for the present stage, speeds up the land transfer, and strengthenspolicy support for large-scale breeding and the transmission of agricultural technology.