无锚台或锚穴的船舶锚系设计及应用研究

Design and application of ship anchoring system without bell mouth or anchor pocket

传统的船舶通常设置锚台(锚唇)或者锚穴,以便锚与锚穴或锚台(锚唇)很好地贴合,但如能利用船舶首部的结构外飘型线,通过不设置锚台(锚唇)或锚穴,而让锚冠及锚爪直接与外板接触,便能有效降低船舶的建造成本并缩短建造周期。然而这样对于船舶首部的型线设计、锚端链节设计、锚型式的选择、锚冠及锚爪接触处外板强度等要求都不同于传统。文章以国外示例,结合实船效果展示,对无锚台(锚唇)或锚穴的船舶锚系设计方法进行研究,通过逆向工程分析并充分利用三维仿真设计软件,在满足入级船级社规范要求的前提下,探索出无锚台(锚唇)或锚穴的船舶锚系设计方法。

The bell mouth and anchor pocket are often set up on the traditional seagoing ships to make sure the anchor will well fit to the anchor pocket or bell mouth. Whereas the bell mouth or anchor pocket can also be removed by utilizing the flare line of the ship bow. Therefore, the anchor crown and anchor fluke can directly contact with the shell plating, which can significantly reduce the construction cost and shipbuilding cycle. However, it should fulfill the requirements different from the traditional ones for the ship bow lines design, swivel piece design, anchor type selection, strength at the location that anchor crown and the anchor fluke contacted with the shell plating, etc. In this paper, the ship anchoring system design method is investigated by pertinently referring to the foreign examples together with the demonstration of the full scale ship. In order to meet the classification society regulations, the design method is finally worked out through the reverse engineering analysis and the 3D simulation software.