基于耐撞性的汽车八边形前纵梁设计的拓扑优化方法

Topology optimization method of automotive octagonal front rail design based on crashworthiness

为使前纵梁具有良好的静态和动态特性,提高汽车耐撞性,本文以正八边形梁作为汽车前纵梁的拓扑优化设计空间,充分考虑静态拓扑优化和动态拓扑优化方法的各自优势,将变密度法和混合元胞自动机法结合起来,对前纵梁进行耐撞性优化设计。通过静态拓扑优化方法获得前纵梁在轴向刚度最大和侧向刚度最大时的结构形式;通过动态拓扑优化方法获得前纵梁在满足轴向强度下的最大吸能结构形式。由拓扑优化结果,最终确定前纵梁的最优拓扑构型,并通过台车试验进行验证。研究结果表明:将拓扑优化后的前纵梁应用于Explorer整车正面碰撞中,B柱加速度峰值减少了5.50g,整车安全性能得到有效提高。

Front rails of the automotive need to have good static and dynamic characteristics to improve the crashworthiness of the automotive. In this paper, octagon beam was used as original topology optimization space of the front rail. The advantages of both static topology optimization method and dynamic topology optimization method were fully considered. Variable density method was combined with the hybrid cellular automaton method. Crashworthiness optimization design was carried out on the front rail. The maximum stiffness in axial and lateral stiffness of automotive front rails structure was obtained through the static topology optimization method. The maximum energy-absorbing structure of automotive front rail which was satisfiedwith axial strength obtained through the dynamic topology optimization method. According to the topology optimization results, the optimal topology configuration of front rail was ultimately determined and also by car test. The automotive front rail after topology optimization is applied to explorer of the vehicle frontal crash.The results show that the peak acceleration of B pillar decreases by 5.50g and the safety performance of the car improve efficiently.