一种新型全脊椎切除间盘切割器的研制

Development of a New Intervertebral Disk Cutter of Total En Bloc Spondylectomy

全脊椎切除,对于脊柱肿瘤的治疗发挥着重要作用。手术时间长、解剖结构复杂、椎间盘及韧带离断困难成为制约该手术发展的主要因素。本研究基于"T-saw"方法离断椎间盘、韧带时存在损伤周边重要组织的风险,研制了全脊椎切除间盘切割器。该型切割器整体结构简单,主要由刀头、刀架、刀杆、旋钮、挡钩、通槽、支架、主体、握柄等部件构成。弧形挡钩与椎体前方的半弧形前壁贴合,将刀头瞄准椎间盘组织,旋动切割器的旋钮,将外力转变为刀头的切割力,实现对椎间盘、韧带的切割。该切割器相较于传统器械(T-saw),可避免术中脊髓震荡及脊髓的意外损伤。此外,该型切割器拥有较强的切割能力,结构简单、易操作。可用于开创一种全新的椎间盘及韧带切割方法,降低椎间盘及韧带切割过程中的手术风险。

Total en bloc spondylectomy plays an important role in the treatment of spinal tumors. Longoperation time, complicated anatomy structure and difficulty in cutting intervertebral disc and ligamentare the main factors that restricting the development of total en bloc spondylectomy. Using traditional saw(T-saw) method to sever intervertebral disk and ligament has the risk of injuring the important structurearound vertebra. To lower such kind of risk, the intervertebral disk cutter of total en bloc spondylectomyis developed. This type of cutter has a simple whole structure, which is constituted by cutting head,cutter rest, cutter arbor, rotary knob, cambered hook, cutter grove, holder, main body and grab handle.When the cambered hook fits the cambered antetheca of vertebral body, cutter head is adjusted to aimingat intervertebral disk, and external force is transformed into cutting force by turning rotary knob, thenthe intervertebral disk and ligament will be cut off. In addition, compared with T-saw, this new cuttercan avoid concussion of spinal cord and accidental injury of spinal cord during operation. Additionally,the cutter has a higher capacity, and easily-operated simple structure. This new cutter opened up a newcutting method of intervertebral disk and ligament, which can reduce the surgical risk during operation.