露水对马缨丹生长的影响研究

Influence of Dew on the Growth of Landscape Plant Lantana camara

在干旱缺水的环境下,露水对植物生长具有明显影响,但有关的定量研究尚未见报道。采用薄膜袋覆盖法,模拟城市干旱环境和城市露水对南方常见园林栽培植物马缨丹(Lantana camara)生长的影响。结果显示,0.1 mm和0.2 mm露水量强度处理下马缨丹茎、叶、地上部分和总生物量与对照相比差异均达到显著水平;马缨丹的茎和叶均表现为0.2 mm露水量强度处理时生物量最大(茎和叶生物量分别为0.443 3g和1.378 9g)、0.1 mm露水量强度处理次之(茎和叶生物量分别为0.443 0 g和1.2466 g)、0.3 mm露水量强度处理最小(茎和叶生物量分别为0.3566 g和1.120 8 g);在不同强度露水量处理下,马缨丹的根生物量变化规律表现为0.2 mm处理下最大(0.263 7g),其次是0.3 mm(0.249 1g),最小是0.1 mm(0.248 3g);在同一露水量处理下,叶生物量分别显著高于茎、根生物量,且根生物量最小;露水处理下马缨丹的生物量主要分配在叶(不同露水量强度处理下叶的生物量分配均达60%以上),不同露水量强度处理对马缨丹根、茎、叶生物量分配的影响不显著;经露水处理的马缨丹叶面积均大于比对照(0.1、0.2和0.3 mm露水量处理下和对照的叶面积分别为395.3、417.6、312.9、259.2 cm^2),0.2 mm露水量强度处理尤其显著;露水处理下马缨丹茎高生长也比对照快,其中0.1 mm和0.2 mm露水量强度处理与对照差异显著(0.1、0.2 mm露水处理下和对照的茎高分别为42.7、35.9和22.6 cm)。研究也显示,当露水处理强度达到0.3 mm时,叶面积和茎高的增长均较小,且其与对照的差异不显著。综上所述,城市干旱环境下,露水对马缨丹的生长产生了积极的生态效应,对其生长和生物量积累都具有促进作用,但露水量强度对马缨丹生长的影响可能存在一个阈值。

In the environment of drought and water shortage, dew has obvious effect on plant growth, but the quantitative research has not been reported. In this study, the effects of urban arid environment and urban dew water on the growth of Lantana camara, a common gardening plant, were simulated by the method of experimental ecology (dew chamber construction with a Film Bag Cover Method). Results showed that the difference of stems, leaves, above biomass and total biomass of Lantana camara under the treatments of 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm of dew were significantly higher than that of the control. The biggest biomass occurred under the treatments of 0.2 mm of dew (stem and leaf biomass were 0.443 3 g and 1.378 9 g, respectively), followed by the treatment at 0.1 mm (stem and leaf biomass were 0.443 0 g and 1.246 6 g, respectively), with a minimum of 0.3 mm treatment (stem and leaf biomass were 0.356 6 g and 1.120 8 g, respectively). Under the treatments of 0.2 mm dew amounts, the biggest biomass of root was found(0.263 7 g), followed by 0.3 mm (0.249 1 g) and 0.1 mm (0.248 3 g), respectively. Under the same dew amount treatment, the leaf biomass was significantly higher than that of stem and root, and the root biomass was the smallest. The biomass of Lantana camara under the treatment of dew was mainly distributed in leaves (the biomass allocation of leaf arrived at 60% or more under different dew intensity treatments). The same site of root, stem and leaf under different dew amount treatment, biomass changed little. The leaf area of Lantana camara treated by dew was larger than that of the control (the leaf area under the treatments of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 mm and the control were 395.3, 417.6, 312.9, 259.2 cm, respectively ), and the leaf area at the treatment of 0.2 mm dew was especially significant. The stem height in dew treatment was bigger than that of the control, and was significantly bigger in 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm than that of the controls, respectively. The results suggested that the dew had a promoted role on Lantana camara growth under the drought environment, but its impact may be existed a threshold.