乡土叙事中国民性批判主题的承续与发展——以贾平凹《阿吉》与鲁迅《阿Q正传》为例

Inheriting and Developing the Theme of National Trait Criticism in Local Narrations——Jia Ping-wa's Ah Ji and Lu Xun's The True Story of Ah Q

在中国现当代文学的叙事中,以乡土为主题的文学叙事是一条发展主线。贾平凹的乡土叙事是对鲁迅开创的中国现代文学乡土叙事的承续与发展,通过对《阿吉》与《阿Q正传》的分析,指出二人在国民性批判上的联系与区别;并说明贾平凹建构的国民性批判主题为当代乡土叙事的书写提供了独特经验,即贾平凹是站在宏大时代背景下从人生存本体出发来解析现实生活与文化心理性格,将国民性的批判融于现代人的人性、人情之中,并赋予其现实、历史、文化、心理、性格等方面的内涵。

The literature narration with native theme is a principle line developing in modern and contemporaryChinese literary narrative. In Jia Ping-wa’s Ah Ji there is an obvious inheritance and development of the localcolor narrative of Chinese modern literature initiated by Lu Xun in The True Story of Ah Q. The paper analyzesthese two works and reveals the similarity and difference between two writers’ themes of national trait criticism. Itis concluded that Jia Ping-wa’s theme provides unique experience for the contemporary local color narrativewriting, for standing in the grand background he explores the social reality and the cultural psychology from theviewpoint of human existential ontology. In addition, his national trait criticism is combined with human natureand human feelings of modern era and has the connotations of reality, history, culture, psychology, character andso on.