南海高温高压勘探钻井技术现状及展望

Drilling technology for HTHP exploration in South China Sea and its prospect

南海北部莺-琼盆地高温高压区域具有巨大的天然气资源勘探潜力。但该区域具有温度高、压力高、压力台阶多、安全密度窗口窄等地质特性,对高温高压钻井工程设计和作业提出了巨大的挑战。经过三十余年的技术攻关和在该海域超过50口高温高压井的作业实践,形成了适用于南海高温高压天然气勘探的钻井关键技术体系,包括多机制地层超压预测、抗高温钻井液、压稳防窜固井、窄压力窗口安全钻井、高温高压一体化钻井与提速等关键技术,克服了南海复杂高温高压环境下的勘探钻井技术难题,实现了南海高温高压勘探钻井作业的安全和高效。这一套较为成熟完善的海上高温高压探井安全高效钻井技术体系和管理模式,为石油工业海上高温高压钻探提供了借鉴。

The HTHP (high temperature and high pressure) areas in the Ying-Qiong Basin, northern South China Sea have immense exploration potential of natural gas resources. However, these areas are geologically characterized by high temperature, high pressure,multiple pressure steps and narrow safety density window, and HTHP well drilling engineering design and operation are faced with huge challenges. Based on over 30 years’ technology research and practical operation of 50 HTHP wells in this sea area, the key drillingte chnologies suitable for HTHP natural gas exploration in South China Sea are developed, and they are multi-mechanism formation overpressure prediction, high-temperature drilling fluid, pressure stabilization and channeling prevention cementing, safe drilling of narrow pressure window, and HTHP integrated drilling and ROP improvement. By virtue of these technologies, the drilling difficulties of HTHP exploration in South China Sea are solved, and the drilling operation is carried out safely and efficiently. This complete set ofproven safe and efficient drilling technology system and management model for offshore HTHP exploration wells provides the reference for the drilling offshore HTHP wells in petroleum industry.