北京市售食用菌的重金属含量及其对Pb的吸附特性研究

Natural Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals onto Common Edible Macrofungi and Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies on Biosorption of Pb(Ⅱ) to Them

分析几种常见食用菌(平菇、口蘑、木耳和蟹味菇)的重金属含量,结合国家卫生标准对其安全性进行评估。结果表明,常见食用菌子实体的重金属(Pb,Mn,Co,Ni,Cr,Zn,Fe,Cd,V,Cu)含量均低于国家食用菌卫生限量标准。利用不同种类食用菌作为生物吸附剂,通过实验,研究各种食用菌子实体对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附特性、吸附模型以及吸附动力学特征。平菇、口蘑、木耳、蟹味菇的匀浆以及木耳活体的吸附过程均可用Langmuir方程进行拟合;平菇活体适合Frendlich方程。平菇、口蘑、木耳和蟹味菇对Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量可达91.7,123,58.5和120 mg/g,与其他生物吸附剂相比,吸附效果更好。动力学研究发现,准二阶模型更符合食用菌对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附过程。研究结果揭示了食用菌用于治理重金属污染的可行性。

Natural bioaccumulation of heavy metals and biosorption of Pb(Ⅱ)in some common edible macrofungiwas studied.They include the following species:Pleurotus ostreatus,Tricholomagambosum,Auriculariaauricular,and Hypsizygus marmoreus Bigelow.The present analysis of heavy metals(Pb,Mn,Co,Ni,Cr,Zn,Fe,Cd,V,and Cu)revealed distinct capabilities of metal accumulation among individual species.The concentrationsof the metals have not reached a health risk level when cultivated in uncontaminated soil.The biosorptionexperiment by edible-macro-fungi shows that the equilibrium data of living sporocarp of Auricularia auricular andthe homogenate of all the species follow well the Langmuir model;living sporocarp of Pleurotus ostreatusexhibites better fit to the Freundlich model.The maximum lead removal capacity of Pleurotus ostreatus,Tricholomagambosum,Auricularia auricular,Hypsizygus marmoreus Bigelow show a higher lead removalcapacity than other biosorbents,reaching91.7,123,58.5and120mg/g respectively.The pseudo-second-orderkinetics model best fits the biosorption processes.The effectiveness of edible macro-fungi as a potential biosorbentfor Pb(Ⅱ)is confirmed.