农民创业要素集聚机制及区位路径选择

Dynamic mechanism of element agglomeration for farmers' entrepreneurship and the paths choice based on location

中国农民创业集聚并非具有持续竞争力的产业集聚,而是人口、资本等生产要素的地理性集中。"成本-效率"目标、技术外部性以及谋求创新的商业价值是农民创业要素集聚的核心动力,与此相应的本地市场效应对创业模式影响深刻。考虑到要素集聚的空间差异,城郊区位宜发展资本农业型庄园经济创业,并接受城市辐射形成"衍生型"内生集聚经济;小城镇区位适于大力发展非农产业创业,充分利用返乡农民工的要素导入构建"嵌入型"外生集聚经济;而农村腹地则可尝试家庭农场创业,推动"原发型"内生集聚经济形成。此外,基于路径依赖的存在,农民创业应重点关注初始路径选择,避免创业最终"锁定"于某种消极性路径。

Chinese farmers'entrepreneurial agglomeration is not sustainable competitiveness of industrial agglomeration,butgeographic convergence of population,capital and other production elements.Cost efficiency target,technologicalexternality and the commercial value seeking for innovation constitutes the core dynamics of element agglomeration forfarmers’entrepreneurship,furthermore,the local market effect thus created will have a profound effect on the entrepreneurialmode.In consideration of the spatial difference of element agglomeration,it’s advisable for suburbs to developentrepreneurship based on capitalized agricultural manors and“derivative”endogenous agglomeration economy throughurban influence;it’s good for small towns to step in developing entrepreneurship based on non-agriculture industries andgrow“embedded”exogenous agglomeration economy by taking full advantage of introducing the elements from migrantworkers'return;while rural backlands can try to develop entrepreneurship in the household farming model and drivedevelopment of“primary”endogenous agglomeration economy.In addition,on account of path dependence,farmers’entrepreneurship should focus on the initial path choice to avoid targeting a negative path.