湖南省生猪规模养殖环境效率及其比较分析--基于SE-SBM 模型及2004-2014 年的数据

Environmental efficiency and its comparison analysis of hog scale cultivation of Hunan province: Based on SE-SBM model and data from 2004 to 2014

将养殖排放的COD、TN、TP污染因子作为非期望产出,构建生猪养殖业环境效率评价指标体系,利用全国及湖南生猪养殖的成本收益资料和排污系数普查数据,采用基于非期望产出的非径向、非角度SE-SBM模型,对2004-2014年湖南和全国大中小三类规模养殖的环境效率进行比较,结果表明:湖南大、中、小规模生猪养殖的环境效率总体上高于全国平均水平,但仍存在投入冗余和产出不足问题,尤其是精饲料、仔猪、医疗防疫费这3项投入冗余严重,化学需氧量排放、总氮排放量2项严重削减不足,均大幅度高出全国平均水平。这应成为湖南生猪规模养殖及环境效率改进的重要方向。其关键着力点是创新"两型"养殖技术与管理、扎实推进粪污资源化、能源化工程。

Taking the COD,TN and TP(Pollution Factor)originated from cultivation as undesirable output,constructingenvironmental efficiency evaluation system of hog cultivation and utilizing the cost benefit information and census dataof polluting discharge coefficient,adopting the perspective and non-oriented SE-SBM model,this paper compares theenvironmental efficiency of three categories(large,medium,small)hog cultivation in Hunan province and China from2004to2014,the result reviews that:The overall environmental efficiency of hog cultivation of Hunan province ishigher than the average level of China,however,there exists the problem of shortage of input redundancies and outputinsufficiency,especially the input of three items of fodder,piglet and health and epidemic prevention cost is too muchand the cut of chemical oxygen demand emission and total nitrogen emission is insufficient,which is much higher thanthe average level of our country.This should be the significant improving direction of hog scale cultivation andenvironmental efficiency.The key point should be to innovate the resource-economical and environment-friendlycultivation technology and management,boost the feces resource utilization and energy utilization.