五味子、黄芪混合多糖的提取及对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mixed Fructus Schisandrae and Radix Astragali and Their Protective Effects on Acute Liver Injury Induced by Alcohol in Mice

目的:优化五味子、黄芪混合多糖的提取工艺,并探讨其对急性酒精所致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用。方法:采用正交试验优化水提醇沉法提取五味子、黄芪混合多糖,将40只小鼠随机分为空白对照组(CON)和空白对照+五味子黄芪多糖治疗组(CON+SAP)、肝损伤模型组(MOD)、肝损伤模型+五味子黄芪多糖治疗组(MOD+SAP)。SAP组小鼠每日灌胃给予五味子黄芪混合多糖100 mg/kg,CON组和MOD组给予同体积蒸馏水,连续30 d。末次给药后1 h,MOD组和MOD+SAP组小鼠灌胃给予50%酒精12 m L/kg,CON组和CON+SAP组灌胃给予同体积蒸馏水。16 h后取血与肝脏,计算各组小鼠的肝脏指数,测定小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)和谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)的水平,并测定肝组织中的甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、微量还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量,苏木精-伊红染色法观察肝脏病理学变化。结果:五味子、黄芪混合多糖最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶45(g/m L)、提取时间3 h、提取温度100℃;与酒精性肝损伤模型组比较,五味子、黄芪混合多糖可降低小鼠肝脏指数(P<0.05),降低血清中ALT和AST水平(P<0.05),升高肝组织GSH含量(P<0.01),并显著降低肝组织MDA和TG含量(P<0.05),改善肝脏病理学变化。结论:五味子、黄芪混合多糖对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。

Objective: This study aimed to optimize the extraction of polysaccharides from mixed Fructus Schisandrae and Radix Astragali (SAP) and to examine their protective effects on alcohol-induced acute liver injury in mice. Methods: An orthogonal array design was applied to optimize SAP extraction by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. A total of 40mice were randomly divided equally into normal control (CON) group, CON + SAP group, liver injury model (MOD) groupand MOD + SAP group. The mice in the SAP-treated groups were intragastrically administered with 100 mg/kg SAP, andthose in the CON and MOD groups were administered with an equal volume of distilled water for 30 days in the same way.Fifty percent ethanol (12 mL/kg) was orally given to the mice in the MOD and MOD + SAP groups at 1 hour after the lastadministration, and those in the CON and CON+SAP group were given an equal volume of distilled water intragastrically.Sixteen hours later, blood and liver samples were collected for the calculation of liver indexes of the mice in each group andthe detection of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in serum as well as the contentsof reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and triglyceride (TG) in liver tissues. Hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE) was performed to observe pathological changes of liver tissues. Results: The optimum conditions for SAP extractionwere determined as follows: solid-to-liquid ratio, 1:45; extraction time, 3 h; and temperature, 100 ℃. Compared with thealcohol-induced liver injury model, SAP significantly reduced the liver index in mice (P < 0.05) and the levels of ALT and AST in serum (P < 0.05), elevated the content of GSH (P < 0.01), significantly reduced the contents of TG and MDA in liver tissues (P < 0.05), and improved the pathological changes of liver tissues. Conclusions: SAP could have a protective effect on alcohol-induced acute liver injury in mice.