行政首长出庭应诉的现实困境和制度建构

Reality Dilemma and System Construction of Chief Executives Appearance in Court

以行政首长负责制为基础的行政首长出庭应诉制度有助于解决行政诉讼的现实困境,同时,对实质性化解行政纠纷也起到了一定的作用,但面临着合法性、合理性和有效性的多重拷问。由最高人民法院及时出台司法解释,根据不同案件设置具体的要求;建立行政与法院的案件联动机制、行政机关首长出庭应诉的监督考核机制、主审法官评价制度、行政首长出庭应诉率与庭审表现社会公开机制以及责任追究制度,完善行政机关出庭应诉制度。

The Chief Executives Attendance in Court System,which is on the basis of the Ad-ministrative ChiefResponsiQilitySystem,woull not only solve the practical pre1ica2ent of a1-ministrative proceeding,Qut also play a role in defusing practical administrative issues.But at thesame time it is facel with multiple tortures of legitimacy,rationality and effectiveness.that Supreme People?s Court timely introduce judicial interpretation and set specific requirementsQased on different cases.Systems should Qe estaQlished,such as the case linkage mechanismQetween the administrative organ and the court,supervision and evaluation mechanism ofchief executives appearance in court,the trial judge evaluation system,social disclosure system ofchief executives appearance rate and their performance in court,responsiQility investigation system,in order to perfect the appearance system of the administrative organ.