TPP影响视角下中国和越南纺织服装业国际竞争力的比较

A Comparative Study on International Competitiveness of the Textile and Apparel Industry between China and Vietnam under the Influence of TPP

在TPP泛太平洋体系下,中国、越南是纺织品服装领域的最大竞争对手,也是利益相关方,两国出口服装的相似度高、价格竞争性强,TPP的签订基于贸易创造效应和贸易转移效应对协定内外的越南和中国产生连带效应。基于中越两国2009-2013年的贸易数据,运用国际市场占有率、贸易竞争优势指数和区域显示性比较优势指数等指标,对TPP影响视角下的中越纺织品服装贸易的国际竞争力进行比较,研究结果表明,中国的非针织服装在TPP成员国市场的国际竞争力在逐年下降,而越南服装在TPP市场的比重逐年增加。越南的棉花、工业纺织制品、针织服装、非针织服装这些类产品,在TPP成员国市场上比中国竞争力更强。中国出口TPP成员国的服装份额将向越南转移,中国出口越南的纺织品份额将向TPP成员国转移。为应对TPP消极影响,中国应增加产品的技术含量和附加值,加强双边自贸安排,转型跨境电商出口。

Under the TPP agreement, China and Vietnam are not only the two competitors but also the stakeholders in the field of textiles and apparel. There is a great similarity and strong price competition in exporting apparel between two countries. The TPP agreement will have the cascade effect on Vietnam andChina based on the trade creation effect and the trade diversion effect. Utilizing the trade data of two countriesfrom 2009 to 2013 > this article calculates the international market share, the trade competitive advantageindex and the regional revealed comparative advantage index to compare the international competitivenessof textile and apparel trade between the two countries. The results show that the international competitivenessof Chinese non-knitted garments in the TPP member countries is declining year by year, whilethe proportion of Vietnamese clothing in the TPP market has increased year by year. Vietnam's cotton, industrialtextile products, knitted garments and non-knitted garments are more competitive than Chinas inthe TPP market. The clothing share of Chinese exports to the TPP member countries will be transferred toVietnam. The textile share of Chinese exports to Vietnam will be transferred to the TPP member countries.In response to the negative impact of TPP, China should increase the technical content and addedvalue of the products, strengthening bilateral free trade arrangements, and transforming cross-border ecommerce export.