美国语言学专业研究生的成长过程与指导策略——兼评《如何在语言中生存:研究生学习指导》

The Growth and Guidance of Graduate Students in America——A Review of Surviving Linguistics: A Guide for Graduate Students

语言学专业研究生面临着语言学习、学术能力培养和就业等各种压力,在美国语言学研究生的培养注重研究生的批判思维、自主判断能力和严谨的学术态度,强调团队合作和头脑风暴,这种讨论式的培养方法值得借鉴。Monica Macaulay教授2011年出版的专著《如何在语言中生存:研究生学习指导》(Surviving Linguistics:A Guide for Graduate Students)对美国研究生从入学到就业的整个学习环节进行了指导,并在经验基础上提出解决研究生学习困惑的方法和技巧,从学习心理、学习方法、处事态度等各个方面都进行了一一指导。作者还在书中介绍了论文写作技巧,如分解任务、做好每日计划、听取写作伙伴的批评和建议等。书中的指导经验值得中国的语言学研究生学习和借鉴,同时,可以从宏观上观察美国研究生的成长过程,对国内的研究生教育具有一定的参考意义。

Graduates majoring in Linguistics often face the challenges of language learning, the cultivation of academic ability and the employment difficulties. In the U.S. graduate education emphasized the importance of critical thinking, making independent judgments and cultivating a sincere attitude towards academic studies. Meanwhile, it encourages group work, brain storming. This kind of academic discussion is worth spreading. Surviving Linguistics: A Guide for Graduate Students, published in 2011,is a book written by professor Monica Macaulay. The author summarized her own experiences in teaching graduate students and shared some of her precious suggestions catering to the need of graduate students who are often troubled psychologically and methodologically. She also shared some valuable writing skills with us, such as dividing the whole writing task into manageable pieces, making daily plans, talking with your writing partner and revising your writing. These experiences cast a light on the cultivation of American graduate education and at the same time might be used in the Chinese graduate education in China.