挺立的士子风骨——关于孟子的主体人格建构及启示意义

The Construction of Mencius Subject Personality and Its Enlightening Significance

孟子作为儒家的"亚圣",他所建构的"大丈夫"主体人格,从人之"立"(自尊)、人之"正"(立场)、人之"勇"(义行)、人之"乐"(心态)的多重视角,构筑了儒家心目中"大人之事备矣"的理想人格范式,并提出了"反躬自问""持志养气""存心养性""动心忍性"的具体涵养路径,集中解答了"人的尊严是什么""人怎样才能有尊严地生活"这两个人生根本问题。孟子建构的主体人格奠定了古代中国士子理想人格的基本范式,对于中国气节文化的形成产生了极为重要的影响。深入研究总结孟子的"大丈夫"人格精神,对于当代社会的人才培养,仍有着可资借鉴的启示意义。

As the second sage of the Confucian school,Mencius constructed the personality paradigm of“perfect adult”in the mind of Confucianism by designing a“great man”subject personality from multiple per?spectives which including human self-esteem,integrity,justice and courage,the open-minded mentality.Atthe same time,he also made four specific paths including self reflection,adhere to the ideals and integrity cul?ture,self-cultivation of the mind and hard life of training,which focus on the answer to the two fundamentalproblems of life about the“what is the dignity of the people”and“how can people live with dignity”.Mencius'subject personality established the personality model of the ancient Chinese scholars for Chinese integrity cul?ture and produced the extremely important influence.The deep study of the personality spirit of Mencius“greatman”has a profound enlightening significance to the talent cultivation in the contemporary society.