“文化进化”视域下审视传统武术技击嬗变

Examining Traditional Wushu Transmutation from the View of "Cultural Evolution"

从文化学视角,以怀特"文化进化"理论为依据,运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法对传统武术技击从进化视角进行了文化学的阐释。文章认为,传统武术技击由徒手技击延伸为徒手与器械双重技击的"文化进化";由身体表层技击技术在与中国传统文化与哲学理念交融历程中向技击技法的"文化进化",标识了传统武术技击由单一向多元进化繁荣的特征。然而,传统武术原始生存场域冷兵器战争的结束使传统武术技击失去了使用和检验的空间;民间生存场域视域下传统武术的套路化发展;现代竞技体育比赛规格的引进与仿效等迫使传统武术技击由朴实实用向理想实用的发展脉络,凸显了传统武术技击的进化迷失。

From the perspective of cultural science,based on the theory of cultural evolution,with the methods of documentaryand logical analysis,the paper does the cultural interpretation on the traditional Wushu from an evolutionary perspective.The articlefinds the traditional Wushu has'cultural evolution'by unarmed combat extension for the double attack unarmed and instruments;has the'cultural evolution'by the body surface combat techniques in blending with Chinese traditional culture and philosophycourse to combat techniques,identifies the traditional wushu combat from single to multiple evolution characteristics of prosperity.However,the traditional Wushu has lost its original field to survive of the cold war and inspection of space;Folk living field horizon,the traditional Wushu has its stereotypical development;Specifications of the introduction of modern competitive sports game andfollow the force of traditional wushu combat by simple and practical to the ideal and practical development,highlight the evolutionlost of traditional Wushu.