我国不同水平散打运动员正蹬腿技术特征比较研究

Comparative Study on Straight Kick Technical Characteristics from Different Levels of Sanda Athletes

运用VICON动作分析捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台以及多功能测力靶,对散打运动员正蹬腿打击过程的动作时间、躯干旋转角度与打击腿关节角度、环节速度、角速度、支撑腿地面反作用力等相关指标的测量,探讨影响散打运动员正蹬腿打击效果的主要因素。研究表明:优秀运动员提膝阶段比普通运动员时间短、速度快、躯干旋转与髋关节角度小,在最后撞击时优秀运动员比普通运动员送髋速度快,充分、支撑腿蹬地迅速并蹬地力度大。建议:(1)正蹬腿的训练中提高提膝的速度以及提膝与蹬伸间的连贯性。(2)提膝时大腿尽量贴紧躯干,撞击时充分向前送髋,加大打击距离。(3)提膝时身体重心不要刻意下压,最后撞击时加强支撑腿蹬地力。

Using vicon action analysis and capture system, Kistler 3-D force platform and multifunctional measuring target, the paper measures the related indexes about sport time, trunk rotation angle, attacking legs’ joint angle, segment speed and supporting leg’s ground reaction force during Sanda athletes’ straight kick combat process, and researches the main factors which influence the combat effectiveness of Sanda athletes straight kick action. The study shows that excellent group has shorter time, faster lifting stage, in the final hitting stage, excellent group has faster time to push hip, more fully, supporting legs thrust against the groud more rapidly and powerfully than speed, smaller trunk rotation angle and hip joint angle than normal group during knee normal group.Suggestions: (1) to pay more attention to faster knee lifting speed during straight kick training process and the consistency between knee lifting and stretching; (2) when Sanda athletes lift knees, thigh should be as close to the trunk, when hitting, athletes should fully move forward the hips and increase the hitting distance; (3) the athletes shouldn’t deliberately press center of body weight when they lift the knees, finally athletes should enlarge support legs’ thrust strength when hitting.