中国钢琴制造企业空间格局分析

Spatial pattern analysis of piano manufacturing firms in China

运用Arc GIS 9.3软件,通过最近邻指数、核密度指数以及Ripley’s L指数等方法,对中国钢琴制造企业空间格局特征进行分析,结果表明:企业呈显著集聚状态且不断加剧,并主要集中于长三角、珠三角、环渤海等东部沿海地区,川、鄂等沿江地区也有集中分布,总体呈"T"字型集聚格局,且该格局并未随着时间的推移发生显著变化;在小空间尺度,企业集聚强度逐渐增大,但集聚规模不断减小,而随着空间尺度的扩大,集聚强度尽管继续增大,但其集聚规模尺度并未发生变化;钢琴产量省际差异较大,而且立式钢琴企业产量、平均生产规模均远大于三角钢琴企业;最后将企业空间格局的影响因素归纳为能人效应、政策支持、外资驱动和集聚经济效应4个方面。

Based on some indices such as the nearest neighbor index, the nuclear density index, Ripley’s L index and so on, we used ArcGIS 9.3 to analyze the spatial pattern of national piano manufacturing firms in China. The results show that piano manufacturing firms in China are characterized by the spatial concentration, taking a growing trend. Most of the firms are mainly distributed in the Yangtze Delta Region, areas surrounding Bo Sea, Pearl River Delta area and other eastern coastal areas. Besides, some other firms are mainly distributed in some provinces along Changjiang River, such as Sichuan and Hubei. On the whole, the spatial pattern of piano manufacturing firms in China forms a shape of ‘T’distribution, which has not been changed significantly as time goes on. What’s more, the agglomeration degree of firms continues to increase with the increase of scale, while the firms’concentration scale has not been changed at all. Piano production still concerntrates in several provinces. In addition, the upright piano’s production and the average production scale are much more than the grand piano’s. Finally, on the basis of the above results, some factors are used to explain the spatial pattern of piano manufacturing firms in China, such as able men effects, policy support,foreign capital drives and agglomeration effects.