论宋代文人贬谪对文学传播的负面影响

The Negative Effect of the Song Dynasty Literati Relegation on Literary Dissemination

宋代由于政治斗争频发,贬谪文人众多。文人贬谪不仅影响到文学创作,同时也影响到文学作品的传播。其负面影响主要表现为三个方面:两宋朝廷禁书次数很多,所禁图书中有很大一部分是贬谪文人的著述,特别表现在对元党人诗文著述的禁毁方面;宋代文祸频发,畏祸心态下,贬谪文人会有意缩小作品的传播范围,甚至删毁作品及藏书以杜绝后患;贬谪文人被放逐于远恶州地,地理环境之闭塞也会影响到文学的传播,特别影响到宋词以歌舞方式的传播,而文人贬谪后经济之窘困也会影响到他们及其子孙后代对作品的结集刊刻。

The Song dynasty had many relegated literati because of political struggles.Literati relegationinfluenced not only creation but also dissemination of literature.The negative effects can be shown in three aspects:Firstly,the Song dynasty had banned books many times,of which many were the writings of relegated literati,especially of the members of Yuanyou Party.Secondly,literary disaster frequently appeared in the Song dynasty,sorelegated literati deliberately reduced the spread of their works and even deleted or destroyed them to avoid futuretroubles.Thirdly,relegated literati were banished to far and execrable places where the environment was very isolated,which also hindered dissemination of literature,especially of the Song Ci which was spread by singing and dancingmostly.Besides,the poverty of relegated literati also influenced the publication of their works by themand their futuregeneration.