试析荻生徂徕的人性论

An Analysis of Ogyu Soral's Theory of Human Nature

文章围绕荻生徂徕的人性思想进行分析,文章分为四部分。第一部分主要是分析徂徕对人性的基本认识取向,从人的"性者,生之质也"本性的角度出发,认为"气质不可变化",以这两点上来明确徂徕对人性的基本态度。之后再论述人虽然有本性,但又不限于本性,它在后天的过程中还会受到各种条件的影响,这便是第二部分要讨论的"习性"。习性与性善移之间是怎样的关系,它与性、德、材之间又有怎样的关系,这些问题都是讨论的重点。另外,习性在受到诸种条件的影响时,应当如何去规范它使它合于正当性呢?以这个问题为线索,从而进入到第三部分人性善移而"养性"的话题。最后为本文结论部分。

This paper attempts to analyze Ogyu Soral 's human nature,and the article is divided into four parts. The first part is to analyze Sorai's basical understanding of human nature. Human nature is what be bornd. And he thought ‘temperament cannot be changed’. These two points reflect Sorai's basic attitudes towards human nature. Following this, he further argues that although people have human nature, they are not limited to such nature, since the nature can be affected by various posteriori conditions. The following questions are crucial in this part of discussion: What is the relationship between ‘xixing’ and the variation of human nature? What is the relationship among human nature, virtue and material? In addition, if ‘xixing’ is affected by various conditions, how can it be subject to norms so as to satisfy justifiability? This leads to the third part of human nature. The last part is the conclusion of this article.