福流体验：成就学生高效率学习

Flow Experiencing and Students' Effi cient Learning

学生在学习活动中产生福流体验需要有以下五个心理要素:能够选择性注意,关注自己的学习任务;有清晰的规则,对学习有控制感;学生的学习每进行一步都会得到学习本身即时有效的反馈;活动难度与个人技能相匹配;自己有着明确的学习需求。要帮助学生营造学习福流体验,改善学生学习消极体验,就必须指导学生提高学习专注力、学会制定有效的学习规则、建立自身学习反馈体系、懂得在学习中合理自我定位、明晰自己学习的具体意义。

Flow experiencing in learning needs fi ve mental elements: students can have selected attention to their own learning task; they have clear rules with a sense of control; they can have immediate feedback with every action; their skills can match activity diffi culty; and they have their own defi nite learning needs.To help students create learning fl ow experiencing and improve their negative learning experiencing, teachers must guide them to strengthen their focus, learn to formulate effective learning regulations, build their own system of learning feedback, know how to properly position themselves in learning, and have a clear idea of the signifi cance of their own learning.