传统法度与文人心灵激荡下的明代书法

Traditional Laws and Literators' Soul in Ming Dynasty's Calligraphy

融合以二王父子为代表的早期楷书系统和以颜真卿、柳公权及宋代尚意书风为代表的后期楷书系统,寻求传统法度继承和文人心灵抒发之间的统一,这是明代书法发展的基本趋势.明代初年的书法接续元代复古书风余绪,同时逐渐上溯宋代尚意书风,明代中期的吴门书派进一步融合两种楷书系统,祝允明、文徵明、陈淳和王宠等创作出具有明代书法自身特色的新书风,明代后期的徐渭、董其昌在吴门书派的基础上或张扬或凝练.而到了明末清初,王铎等人的行草书体现出士人心态的变异,使中国传统书法自然演进下的历史形态得到了充分呈现.

The basic development trend of calligraphy in Ming dynasty was integrating Wang Xizhi and WangXianzhi’s early regular script system and Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan’s later regular script system,seeking theunification of traditional laws and literators’soul.In the early Ming Dynasty,the calligraphy inherited the retro style ofYuan Dynasty,meanwhile studied the style of advocating personal thoughts.In the middle of Ming Dyansty,“Wu Men”calligraphy further integrated two regular script systems.During the time,Zhu Yunming,Wen Zhengming,Chen Chun,Wang Chong and et al.created a new calligraphy having characters of Ming Dynasty’s calligraphy.In late MingDynasty,Xu Wei and Dong Qichang either displayed or compacted“Wu Men”calligraphy.In late Ming and early QingDynasties,the running&cursive script of Wang Duo et al.reflected the changing of mentality of literators.These madehistorical forms of Chinese traditional calligraphy in natural development to be fully presented.