不同标准柴油对柴油机性能和排放的影响

Effect of Various Standard Diesel on Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine

为研究不同柴油燃料对发动机燃烧和排放特性的影响,选取国Ⅱ~国Ⅴ不同标准柴油及加油站购得的4种国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ标准柴油,在一台满足国Ⅳ排放法规的电控高压共轨柴油机上开展实验研究.结果表明,市售满足国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ标准柴油对满足国Ⅳ排放标准的柴油机有效燃油消耗率(BSFC)影响差异在2%,以内,NO_x排放加权值差异在10%,以内,HC、CO排放差异在20%,以内,碳烟排放整体很低.燃用国Ⅱ~国Ⅴ这4种不同标准的柴油后,共轨柴油机外特性转矩及功率差异在2.4%,以内,在欧洲稳态测试循环(ESC)工况下燃油消耗率差异小于2%,;在不同转速和负荷下,随着燃料十六烷值的降低,NO_x排放略有增大,燃用4种不同标准的柴油后,ESC循环NO_x排放加权结果变化在7%,以内;4种燃油对国Ⅳ排放共轨柴油机动力性、经济性影响很小,燃用不同燃料时碳烟、HC和CO排放均低于国Ⅳ排放限值.

To investigate the effect of various standard fuels on the performance and emissions of diesel engines,four standard fuels(StateⅡ-stateⅤ)and four standard fuels(StateⅣ/Ⅴ)derived from filling stations were chosento run on a diesel engine equipped with a common rail fuel injection system.Results show that the four standardfuels(StateⅣ/Ⅴ)derived from filling stations can affect break specific fuel consumption(BSFC)within2%,,break specific NOx emissions within10%,,and HC and CO emissions within20%,,and their soot emissions arevery low.For the common rail diesel engine,the difference in full load power and torque is2.4%,when using thefour StateⅡ-Ⅴdiesel fuels,the fuel consumption difference is less than2%,at ESC test cycle,the NOx emissionsincrease slightly with the use of lower cetane number fuels under different rotational speeds and loads,andthe break specific NOx emissions change within7%,.The four fuels have little effect on the performance and fueleconomy common rail diesel engine,and their soot,HC and CO emissions are all below the nationalⅣemissionlimit.