PPARγ调控脂肪细胞增殖和分化机理研究进展

Progress in the Knowledge of the Mechanism of PPAR Gamma Regulation of Adipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation

随着人们生活水平的提高,长期摄取高热量的饮食,加上运动量不足,会造成身体能量过度累积,能量以脂肪的形式贮存,从而导致肥胖。早在1997年,世界卫生组织已经正式将肥胖列为一种慢性疾病。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors,PPARs)通过与靶基因启动子区调控序列结合,调控脂肪的代谢和脂肪细胞的增殖与分化。了解PPARs的结构特征、表达特性和作用机理等,对于控制肥胖及其引起的一系列疾病,具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文从PPARγ的结构特征和表达特点、配体对PPARγ的活化、PPARs间的相互作用、PPARγ在脂类代谢中的作用和天然配体对脂肪细胞的分化等进行综述,并从PPARγ调控脂肪细胞增殖的角度,提出了预防肥胖的对策。

With the improvement of living standards, long-term consumption of high calorie diet and physical inactivity result in storage of excess energy in the body in the form of fat, leading to obesity. Obesity has been officially listed as a chronic disease by the World Health Organization (WTO) in 1997. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)regulate the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes by binding themselves with the trans-acting element of the target gene. Understanding the structural features, expression characteristics and mechanism of PPARs is of important theoretical significance and practical value for the control of obesity and related diseases. This article reviews the protein structure, gene expression and ligand activation of PPARγ, the interaction between different types of PPARs, and the role of PPARγ in lipid metabolism and the differentiation of adipocytes by natural ligands. Strategies for the prevention of obesity are put forward based on adipocyte proliferation regulation by PPARg.