走进原发性进行性失语症

An Access to Primary Progressive Aphasia

失语症是一种语言障碍综合征,但具体类型各异。与脑中风或脑损伤引起的失语症不同,原发性进行性失语症(primary progressive aphasia,PPA)是一种由神经退行性疾病引发的特殊失语症,形成的语言障碍往往是渐进性的,因此在发病初期不易察觉。本文主要介绍这类失语症的分类(语法缺失型PPA、语义变异型PPA和少词型PPA)、语言特征(在语音、词汇、句法、语篇和书写等各层面的障碍表现)和康复治疗手段(行为干预、经颅直流电刺激和干细胞疗法等),以引起我国神经科医生和神经语言学学者的关注。

Aphasia is a syndrome caused by language breakdown and becomes diversified in specific types. Primary progressive aphasia(PPA), however, different from the aphasia induced by stroke or brain damage in a bulk of literature, is a special one evoked by neurodegenerative diseases, and the resulting language breakdown comes up incrementally and tends to be implicit at its onset. This paper aims to provide an introduction of the aphasia's classification(agrammatic PPA, semantic variant PPA and logopenic variant PPA), linguistic features(i.e., the language disorders on different levels of language like phonology, morphology, syntax, discourse and handwriting) and therapy approaches(like behavior interference, transcranial direct current stimulation and stem cell therapy) so that greater importance is attached to its clinical practice and linguistic researches in China's neurology and neurolinguistics.