基于PBL模式的健康教育对老年脑卒中患者自我护理能力影响研究

Research of influence by PBL pattern-based health education on self-nursing capability in senile stroke patients

目的研究分析基于PBL模式的健康教育对老年脑卒中患者自我护理能力的影响。方法 78例老年脑卒中患者,随机分成观察组和对照组,各39例。对照组患者采用常规的健康教育,观察组患者采取基于PBL模式的健康教育,对比两组患者干预后的健康行为、生活质量以及自我护理能力。结果观察组患者的健康责任、营养、运动锻炼、压力管理、自我实现以及人际关系评分均显著高于对照组患者(P<0.05);观察组患者的健康行为总评分显著高于对照组患者(P<0.05)。观察组患者的心理功能为(70.09±2.17)分,躯体功能为(65.12±2.87)分,生活质量总分为(72.67±2.46)分;对照组患者的心理功能为(48.28±3.65)分,躯体功能为(41.86±1.97)分,生活质量总分为(58.86±2.86)分。观察组患者的心理功能评分、躯体功能评分以及生活质量总分均显著高于对照组患者(P<0.05)。在干预3个月后,观察组和对照组患者的自我护理维持能力评分分别为(53.24±11.32)、(39.76±12.98)分,自我护理管理评分分别为(68.75±11.87)、(48.86±12.45)分,自我护理信心评分分别为(65.49±2.97)、(49.92±2.35)分;观察组自我护理维持能力、自我护理管理、自我护理信心评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于PBL模式的健康教育能够提高老年脑卒中患者的生活质量,并且能够加强患者的健康行为,提高并维持患者的自我护理能力,有临床推广的价值。

Objective To research and analyze influence by PBL pattern-based health education on self-nursing capability in senile stroke patients. Methods A total of 78 senile stroke patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 39 cases in each group. The control group received conventional health education, and the observation group received PBL pattern-based health education.Comparison was made on health behavior, quality of life and self-nursing capability between the two groups after intervention. Results The observation group had all higher scores of health responsibility, nutrition, exercise training, stress management, self-actualization and interpersonal relationship than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the observation group also had obviously higher total score of health behavior than the control group (P<0.05). The observation group had mental function score as (70.09±2.17) points, physical function score as (65.12±2.87) points, and quality of life total score as (72.67±2.46) points. The control group had mental functionscore as (48.28±3.65) points, physical function score as (41.86±1.97) points, and quality of life total score as(58.86±2.86) points. The observation group had obviously higher mental function score, physical function scoreand quality of life total score than the control group (P<0.05). In 3 months after intervention, the observation group and the control group had self-nursing maintenance capability score respectively as (53.24±11.32) and(39.76±12.98) points, self-nursing management score as (68.75±11.87) and (48.86±12.45) points, and selfnursing confidence score as (65.49±2.97) and (49.92±2.35) points. The observation group had obviously higher self-nursing maintenance capability score, self-nursing management score and self-nursing confidence score than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion PBL pattern-based health education can improve quality of life in senile stroke patients, enhance health behavior, and improve self-nursing capability in patients. This method contains value for clinical promotion.