中国古代“说唱词话”渊源考论——兼及“唐代说唱词话”新概念的提出

Study on the Origin of Chinese Ancient Ci Poems——The Conceptual Interpretation about “Ci Poems of the Song Dynasty”

自1967年"明成化刊本说唱词话"的出土引发学界关注"说唱词话"现象以来,近几年对宋至清阶段"说唱词话"现象的研究,呈现出高潮态势与拓宽趋向,主要集中在元明说唱词话研究、南方唱书(清代说唱词话)研究、说唱词话与中国戏曲起源的关系研究等方面。从"说唱词话"概念入手,阐明"宋代词文"是元明清"说唱词话"之渊源,"宋代词文"是一种说唱相间的曲艺文本和表演形式的总称,经对敦煌文献的初步梳理与探讨,认为有23种敦煌文献变文卷子属于"宋代词文"。在此过程中,衍生出了对"唐代说唱词话"这一全新概念的研究,这一研究在中国古代说唱词话与唐代文学研究领域,均是一块尚未开垦的学术新领地。

In recent years the study on “Ci Poems for recitation and singing”in the period of Song-Qing has been a trend of climax and broadening since the excavation of Ci Poems for recitation and singing in the Chenghua Reign Period of the Ming Dynasty in 1967, which has attracted many scholars’attention. They have been concentrating on the study on Ci Poems for recitation and singing in the Yuan and Ming Dynasty,the study on the Southern poems for recitation and singing (Ci poems for recitation and singing in the Qing Dynasty),the study on the relationship between Ci poems for recitation and singing and the origin of Chinese opera and so on. This article starts from the concept of "Ci poems for recitation and singing",and aims to clarify that “Ci poems in the Song Dynasty”,which is a general term of the folk text and performance form,shall be the source of "Ci poems for recitation and singing". Through the initial arrangements and discussions of the documents of Dunhuang,the conclusion is that there are 21 kinds of Dunhuang manuscripts which are parts of Ci poems in the Song Dynasty. In this process,the study on a new concept “Ci poems for recitation and singing in the Tang Dynasty”,which is not yet cultivated in the fields of Chineses ancient Ci poems for recitation and singing and the literature in the Tang Dynasty,has come to our sights.