来华留学生研究的历史、范式与反思

The History and Paradigm of and Reflection on Studies of International Students in China

国内学界从上世纪50年代开启来华留学生研究,之后随着国家接受来华留学生的政策和发展理念变化,留学生人数规模的增长,教育结构体系的演变,对该群体研究的广度和深度不断提升,经历了从单一学科视野到多学科视野、从经验式研究到多学科理论与方法相交融研究的发展过程,迄今形成了主体与客体、主位与客位、微观与宏观、个体与群体等二元范式交叉与并重的研究格局。但相关研究也存在理论参照单一、主题内容重复等局限和不足,需要进一步拓展研究理论和方法视野,从而全面深化对来华留学生群体的认知,为中央、省市以及高校的相关决策提供准确参照,推动教育质量和管理国际化水平的提升。

Studies of international students in China began in the 1950 s. Since then research work on international stu-dents has advanced both in width and depth along with the changes of China's policies and development philosophy in ac-cepting overseas students,the increased number of overseas students,and the evolution of education's structural sys-tem. Specifically,the studies have gone through a process from single-disciplinary to multi-disciplinary perspectives,and from empirical research to research with multi-disciplinary theories and methodologies. Now a dual academic frame-work is emerging that intersects and lays equal stress on subject and object,etic and emic,micro and macro,individu-als and groups. But current studies still have deficiencies such as insufficient theoretical reference and redundancy in re-search topics and contents. It is necessary for researchers to expand their theoretical and methodological visions to com-prehensively deepen cognition of international students. These studies will provide more accurate references to the centralgovernment and authorities at all levels as well as universities for their decision making and will help promote the educa-tional quality and enhance the level of management internationalization.