基于PCA和SOFM的农村宅院综合分类及优化利用——以东营市初家村为例

Comprehensive Classification and Optimal Utilization of Rural House Based on PCA and SOFM——A case of Chujiacun village, Dongying City

以东营市初家村为研究区,基于遥感技术解译和实地调查数据,采用主成分分析(PCA)和自组织特征映射网络模型(SOFM)进行农村宅院综合分类,并提出各类宅院利用建议,以期为各类宅院优化利用、村庄整治提供科学依据。结果表明:初家村宅院类型综合影响因素包括宅院经济、人口、建筑、结构性及占地等5个方面,宅院综合类型有非农高收入、非农中收入、中收入高利用、低收入高利用和低收入老龄等5类宅院,提出村庄保留情景下非农低效利用住户到城镇落户、有偿退出宅院、宅院继续利用,兼业、农业住户宅院整治、改造利用,老龄宅院改造为绿地或复垦为耕地,以及村庄整体迁入新型社区情景下较高质量宅院继续利用、老龄宅院复垦为耕地等。

Taking Chujiacun village, Dongying city as a research region, based on remote sensing interpretation and field investigation data, using principal component analysis (PCA) and self-organizing feature map (SOFM) network model, the paper carried through comprehensive farmers house classification and put forward the suggestion of all kinds of house use, so that the paper can give scientific suggestions for all kinds of comprehensive house optimal utilization and village renovation.Results showed that the influence factors of rural house in Chujiacun village included 5 aspects, which were house economy,population, architecture, constitutive property and land area, and there were 5 comprehensive house types, which were high-income and non-agricultural house, median-income and non-agricultural house, median-income and high-use house,low-income and high-use house, and low-income and elderly house. Based on that, the paper put forward targeted suggestions of low-use and non-agricultural resident move to the town, give up house for compensation and the house continue to be used,multiple-occupations and agricultural resident house are renovated and reconstructed, old house are transformed into green space or reclaimed into cultivated land under the scenario of the whole village reservation, and the high quality home continue to use, the old house reclaimed into cultivated land under the scenario of the village integral moving.