手足口病高发地区儿童家长防治知识知信行调查

Investigation on knowledge-attitude-practice of hand-foot-mouth disease among parents of children in high prevalence areas

目的了解儿童家长对手足口病知识的认知现状,分析其影响因素,为手足口病防控提供依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,自行设计调查问卷对到医院门诊就诊、幼儿园和农村的儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果共调查148位儿童家长,137位(占92.57%)听说过手足口病,手足口病病原、高发季节、易感人群、传播途径和症状回答正确的分别占26.28%、64.23%、92.70%、43.80%、33.58%和43.80%。家长手足口病知识得分中位数为6分,仅有17.52%的家长得分较高(≥9分),文化程度是主要影响因素(P<0.05)。90%以上家长做到勤洗手、家长孩子一人一毛巾一牙刷、生熟食品分开、经常开窗通风,但定期对孩子玩具、餐具等消毒占55.47%。手足口病知识得分>6分组生熟食品分开摆放和定期对孩子的玩具、餐具等消毒的比例高于≤6分组(P<0.05),文化程度高的家长勤洗手比例较高(P<0.05)。结论儿童家长对手足口病知识掌握不全,文化程度是其重要影响因素,仍需根据家长接受知识的特点有针对性的开展手足口病健康教育工作。

Objective To investigate the cognition about hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) of parents of children in Guangxi and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention. Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted, and a survey was conducted by using self-designed questionnaire in the parents from hospitals, kidgardens and rural community. Results Total 148 parents were investigated, and 92.57% (137/148) heard of HFMD. The proportions of correct answer about HFMD pathogens, high-occurrence season,susceptible populations, transmission route and symptom were 26.28% , 64.23% , 92.70% , 43.80% , 33.58% and 43.80% , respectively. The median score of knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) concerning HFMD was 6.0 in the parents, and only 17.52% had high knowledge score (≥9). Educational background was the important influencing factor(P<0.05). Over 90% of the parents often washed hands;they and their children used own towels and toothbrushes repectively; as well as could separate raw and cooked food and with windows often opening. But only 55.47% of the parents could disinfect their utensils and childrens’ toys regularly. The parents with high KAP score (>6) achieved higher proportions of separating raw and cooked food and disinfecting utensils regularly(P<0.05). The parents with high education levels had a higher proportions of washing hands regularly(P<0.05).Conclusions The parents' knowledge about HFMD is still insufficient in Guangxi. Educational background is the important influencing factor. The corresponding health education should be developed based on the different characteristics of parents.