页岩气钻井技术新进展

Latest Shale Gas Drilling Technological Development

当前页岩气开发技术日益先进和成熟,水平井技术和大规模储层改造成为非常规油气开发的关键。追踪研究国外近年在页岩气水平井开发中应用的典型新技术,如在钻井工具方面,有旋转导向闭环系统、电磁无线随钻测量装置、新型裸眼侧钻斜向器、随钻成像工具等先进工具出现;在钻头和钻井液方面,贝克休斯等国外石油公司针对页岩特性,研制推出了ONYXⅡ Spear和Talon 3D矢量等系列的PDC钻头,创新优化了多种新型高性能水基钻井液;并不断探索"井工厂"作业模式升级换代。文章结合国内目前技术现状,指出中国页岩气钻井技术应尽快完成核心技术和工具的国产化,继续加大低成本替代技术研究力度,开展储层地质与工程一体化,以实现页岩气经济有效开发。

With shale gas development technology becoming increasingly advanced and mature at the present time,horizontal well technology and large-scale reservoir reconstruction hold the key to non-conventional oil and gas development. This paper follows up and studies the typical new technology applied in horizontal well development of shale gas in foreign countries in recent years. For example, some new and advanced drilling tools appeared, such as rotary steering close-loop system, electromagnetic wireless MWD device, new-type open-hole whipstock sidetracking, and imaging tool while drilling. In the areas of drilling bit and drilling fluid, foreign oil companies like Baker Hughes developed and manufactured PDC drilling bits of the ONYX II Spear and Talon 3D vector families to highlight the shale characteristics while creating and optimizing many new-type high-functional water-base drilling fluids. They have continually studied modernization of the “well factory” service model. Based on the current domestic technological conditions, the article proposes that China’s shale gas drilling technology should be localized as soon as possible, especially for key technology and tools. More efforts should be focused on the study of cost-effective substitute technology, bringing about reservoir geological and engineering integration for high economic performance in shale gas development.