浅谈第Ⅱ类尾矿库防渗及生态修复设计

Discussion of the Seepage-proofing and Ecological Remediation Design for the Ⅱ Type of Tailings Pond

随着社会需求的日益增强,矿业在我国得到了长足发展,但矿物加工过程中产生的尾矿,占用了大量的土地并对当地生态系统造成了一定程度上的破坏,特别是第Ⅱ类尾矿库,其堆存的固体废物往往含有酸、碱及放射性或重金属元素等物质,这些物质会通过水体对周边环境造成污染。防渗系统是第Ⅱ类尾矿库极其关键的组成部分,它能有效的将尾矿库内的尾矿及矿浆水与周边土壤隔离,防止环境的污染。尾矿库闭库后采取行之有效的生态修复措施,对于降低污染,保护周边环境也具有积极的作用。本文重点探讨了环保防渗系统中防渗层的结构设计,同时对第Ⅱ类尾矿库闭库后污染防治及生态系统修复设计进行了探讨。

With the increasing of social demand, mining industry had got substantial development in China, however, the tailings produced during the process of mineral processing occupied a large amount of land and caused a certain degree of damage to the local ecological system,especially for the Ⅱ type of tailings pond, the storage of its solid waste often contained acid, alkali and radioactive or heavy metal elements, which substances will cause pollution to surrounding environment through the water. Seepage-proofing system was the extremely key part of the Ⅱ type of tailings pond and it can effectively isolate the tailings and ore pulp water in tailings pond from the surrounding soil and prevent the environmental pollution. After the tailings pond getting closed, taking the effective ecological restoration measures had a positive role in reducing pollution and protecting the surrounding environment. This paper mainly discussed the structure design of seepage-proofing layer in environmental seepage-proofing system, and also discussed pollution prevention and treatment and ecological system modification design after the Ⅱ type of tailings pond getting closed.