遵命与坚守——由孙犁在《鼓》中的两篇佚文说起

Obedience and Persistence: Sunli's Two Lost Articles in Drum

作为深受"五四"新文学深刻影响的一代作家和在抗日洪流中参加革命的战士,如何处理"文学主体性"与"文学为政治服务"的关系,始终是孙犁难以选择又不得不选择的难题。他积极遵命,以自己的智慧和力量贡献于民族解放事业,同时也没有放弃对新文学发展的思考与探索。作为文学工作者和编辑,孙犁起初尝试以"化大众"的方式促进文学的"大众化",引导业余作者"阅读""理解"新文学,进而"参与创作",有意识地将民间艺术审美原则融入新文学审美原则,为新文学发展不断注入活力。解放区作家中,"遵命与坚守之间"的精神历程是一个值得关注的现象,忽视或强调其中任何一点,都会造成对作家理解上的偏颇,也正因此,孙犁具有典型的意义。

Sun Li was a writer greatly influenced by the May Fourth Movement New Literature as well as a soldier adapted to the revolution during the Anti-Japanese War. It was always difficult for him to deal with the dilemma in literature, in which the literary subjectivity is controversy to its duty for political purposes. Sun Li contributed his wisdom to Chinese people's liberation, but never gave up exploring ways of improving the New Literature. He, as a literary worker and editor, tried to popularize literature by introducing people to the reading and understanding of the New Literature, and to consequently participate in creating new works so as to consciously integrate the local aesthetic principles with those of New Literature. Among the writers in the revolutionary areas, their spiritual course of obedience and persistence calls for attention. To neglect either obedience or persistence, or overemphasize either of them would misunderstand the writers. Accordingly, such is Sun's typical significance.