术中人脑功能实时成像技术进展

Research Progress in Intraoperative Human Brain Functional Imaging

脑组织恶性病变往往需要通过脑外科手术进行治疗。如何在最大程度切除恶性病变区域同时最小化损伤脑功能区,在神经外科领域一直是世界难题。针对这一问题,本文详细介绍了目前国内外术中脑成像技术的最新进展,并进一步指出内源信号光学成像技术具有明显优势,有望成为解决该问题的关键技术。虽然该技术起步晚、技术新,但是基于此技术研发的成像系统无需与脑组织接触,能够实现高时空分辨率成像,可以为临床应用解决重要问题。已经有研究利用该技术在啮齿类和灵长类动物上开展工作,但是目前在人脑上还没有成熟的成像系统,因此急需研制一套基于内源性光学信号成像原理的术中人脑功能活动实时成像仪。

Brain surgery operation has been the critical treatment to severe brain malignant lesions,such as brain tumor or epilepsy. The biggest challenge to neurosurgery is to make a balance between the maximum removal of affected brain tissue and the minimum injury of normal brain tissues. To solve this problem, this article elaborated the latest progress of intraoperative brain imaging technique at home and abroad, further pointed out that Optical Intrinsic Signal Imaging (OISI) is expected to be the key to solve this problem. Although OISI is comparatively new and accomplished recently, the imaging system based on this technique is noncontactwith brain tissues and can realize high temporalspatial resolution imaging. Thus it can address problems for clinical application. The OISI system has been well used in rodents and primate animal studies, yet there is no mature imaging system applicable to human neurosurgery. Therefore, it is necessary to develop intraoperative human function activity imager based on OISI principle.