马克思政治经济学批判的生态意蕴及其启示

Ecological Implication of Karl Marx's Critique of Political Economy and Its Enlightenment

马克思在《资本论》及其手稿中运用唯物史观对资本主义展开的政治经济学批判,从社会制度层面探讨了人类与自然、社会协同发展的规律性,触及到资本主义生产方式的反生态本质,提出了以"物质变换"为特征、以合目的性与合规律性相统一为原则的劳动实践观,基于劳动价值论的物质财富观,注重自然资源循环利用的经济生态观,倡导节约消费的适度消费观,超越资本逻辑、解决社会各种利益矛盾的社会正义观。从马克思的政治经济学批判中发掘经典马克思主义生态思想资源,可以拓展马克思主义政治经济学研究的生态视域,为推进绿色发展和社会主义生态文明建设提供有益的启迪。

In Das Kapital and his manuscripts,Karl Marx’s critique of the political economy of capitalism by applying thehistorical materialism discusses the regularity of the synergetic development among the human,the nature and the societyfrom the aspect of social institution,reveals the anti-ecological essence of capitalist mode of production and puts forwardsthe view of labor practice with the characteristic of“interchange with Nature”and with the principle of the unity of purposiveness and regularity,the view of material wealth based on the labor theory of value,the view of economic ecology layingemphasis on the recycling of natural resources,the view of moderate consumption advocating the economy in consumption,and the view of social justice surpassing the capital logic and solving various conflicts of interest in society.The discoveryof classic Marxist thought resources of ecology from Marx’s critique of political economy can expand the ecological horizonof the research of Marxist political economics and provide a beneficial enlightenment for promoting the green developmentand the construction of socialist ecological civilization.