我国劳动保险时期的全国统筹机制——法律设计、制度变迁与现实启示

Overall Nationwide Mechanism during China's Labor Insurance Period—— Legal Design,Institutional Change & Realistic Enlightenment

我国在劳动保险时期曾经构建了一种全国统筹机制,这种统筹机制经过了形成、破坏和修复等演变阶段。当时的全国统筹机制采取了"国家统筹+企业保险"的模式设计,是一种劳动保险金在全国范围内的"统筹调剂"机制,而不是劳动保险金在全国范围内的"统收统支"机制。在《社会保险法》已将逐步提高社会保险统筹层次确定为法定目标的背景下,分析我国劳动保险全国统筹机制的设计及变迁,对于破解职工基础养老金全国统筹的难题、并理性务实地选择全国统筹的路径具有重要的现实启示。

During the labor insurance period an overall nationwide mechanism is established in China. This mechanism goes through such an evolution stage as formation, ruin and restoration. It adopts the “overall nationwide + enterprise insurance” as a pattern design, which is a kind of labor insurance mechanism of“overall adjustment” nationwide, rather than so-called “unified revenue and expenditure” mechanism. Under the background of Social Insurance Act, ie the gradual improvement of social insurance management level has been determined as the legal target, it is of a significant realistic enlightenment to analyze the design and transition in the nationwide labor insurance implementation and improvements, which contributes to solve the problem of overall nationwide employee basic pension system and select rationally and practically the path of overall nationwide.