公平与共享:我国养老保障体系的失衡性剖析与制度调整

Justice and Sharing:Analysis on Unbalance of China's Elderly Security System and Its System Adjustment

为了保障老年生活、维护社会稳定、牢固改革成果,我国业已出台大量养老保障法律制度。然而,在实际运行中,诸多养老保障制度面临着"失衡"的严重挑战,诸如因身份不同养老保障失衡、地区之间养老保障失衡、代际之间养老保障失衡、养老保险体系结构失衡、养老保障供需失衡等。基于对此现实困境的实证考量,提出了应在"公平"与"共享"的价值指导下进行适应性的制度调整,其中应包括完善多层次的养老保障体系、保障养老保险基金的来源、推进公共财政体制改革、健全养老保障的配套制度、提升养老保障监管与救济水平等多元化之综合路径。

A large number of legal institutions for old-age security has come out in China in order to guarantee the elderly life, maintain social stability and secure the reform achievement these years. However,in actual operation, many retirement pension systems are faced with such serious challenges of "unbalance" as the old-age security unbalance coming from identity difference, regional differences, generational difference,structure difference as well as the unbalance between supply and demand. On the basis of the demonstration consideration of such a realistic dilemma, this paper puts forward the system adjustment of adaptability under the principle of "justice" and "sharing" value. Multiple paths must be adopted such as perfect multilevel old-age security system, endow insurance fund sources of security, promotion of the public finance system,improvement of the old-age security system to support and enhance old-age security supervision and relief level.