六堡茶急性和亚急性毒性安全性评价研究

Research on Acute and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation of Liupao Tea

六堡茶产制历史悠久,是广西特色名优农产品,但其安全性研究不够。为了探明六堡茶饮用的安全性,本实验以广西梧州六堡茶为原料,采用国家标准方法分析六堡茶常规理化成分;并按照食品安全性毒理学评价程序,进行较系统的六堡茶急性毒性和亚急性毒性实验。结果表明:六堡茶理化指标符合广西地方标准,且3个批次有较好的重复性;在小鼠急性毒性试验中,采用bliss法计算得出六堡茶半数致死剂量(LD50)为9.38 g·kg^(-1),95%的可信限为8.43~10.44 g·kg^(-1),大于5 g·kg^(-1)的经口急性毒性标准;采用大鼠30 d喂养实验发现,期间动物的生长发育良好,六堡茶3个剂量组(0.47 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)、0.94 g·kg^(-1)·d-1、1.88 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)的动物体质量、血常规指标、血生化指标、脏器指数与对照组比较,均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。因此从食品毒理学的标准来看,六堡茶属于无毒级食品,符合食品安全性要求。

Liupao tea has a long history and is characterized as famous agricultural products of Guangxi,but thestudy of its safety is not enough.In order to verify the safety,the main physicochemical components of Liupao teafrom Wuzhou were measured by conventional test method of national standard,then,the acute and subacutetoxicities of Liupao tea were systemically studied in accordance with the procedures for toxicological assessment onfood safety.The experimental results showed that,the physicochemical indexes of Liupao tea were repeatable,which were followed with Guangxi local standards in the acute toxicity test.Using bliss method,the calculated medianlethal dose(LD50)of Liupao tea was9.38g·kg-1with95%confidence interval(8.43~10.44g·kg-1),which was higherthan acute toxicity criteria(5g·kg-1).In the subacute study,compared with the control group,no death or clinicalsigns,or abnormally hematological,biochemical and histopathological changes were found in either groups of ratsreceiving daily oral gavage of Liupao tea.The three dose treatments were0.47,0.94and1.88g·kg-1·d-1for30days(P>0.05).Thus,Liupao tea products belong to the actual non-toxic grade and fulfill the requirements of food safetyaccording to the food toxicology standards.