目的论在胡塞尔早期现象学中的萌芽

The roots of teleology in early Husserlian phenomenology

胡塞尔对现象学目的论的讨论更多的是在他的晚期,但其早期思想中实际上已经蕴含着目的论的萌芽。通过对"充实"和"前摄"两个概念的分析说明,胡塞尔早期在意向性认识和内时间意识两个领域的讨论中实际上就已经包含了目的论的思想。意向和充实的动态关系表明了意向性认识论的目的论趋向;内时间意识的前摄功能则不仅表明了意识构造的合法则性,而且通过向滞留的不断下坠,前摄将这种目的论贯穿于整个意识流之中。胡塞尔早期的这些目的论表现不仅是现象学目的论的基础,而且对于我们理解胡塞尔前后思想的关联也具有重要意义。

Edmund Husserl talked about phenomenological teleology mainly in his later years of life,but the roots of teleology had already been contained in his early works.The present essay,by interpreting the two concepts of fulfilling and protention,illustrates that the teleology has already been included in early Husserl's discussion of the intentionality and the consciousness of internal time.The dynamic relation between protention and fulfilling indicates that there are teleological tendencies in intentional epistemology,and that the protentional function of the consciousness of internal time not only reveals the laws in the construction of consciousness but also infuses the teleology into the entire stream of consciousness.The manifestations of teleology in early Husserl are not only basis for phenomenological teleology but also of great importance for understanding the development of Husserlian philosophy.