支原体耐药变迁及其与HPV的关系研究

Drug resistance of mycoplasma and the relation between mycoplasma and HPV

目的分析郑州地区解脲支原体和人型支原体的流行病学及对常用抗生素的耐药变迁情况,为合理使用抗生素及治疗支原体感染提供依据;同时对支原体与HPV的关系进行研究。方法收集2013~2015年在我院行支原体和HPV检查的样本,对其检测结果进行比较研究。结果 2013~2015年做支原体培养及药敏检测的样本共计30 171例,其中阳性16 230例,阳性率为53.79%,其中单独解脲支原体(UU)阳性13 577例(45.00%),单独人型支原体(MH)阳性255例(0.85%),两者混合感染2 398例(7.95%)。从样本类型上看,送检率由高到低分别为白带、精液、尿道拭子、宫颈分泌物、前列腺液,阳性率最高的标本类型为白带和宫颈分泌物,精液次之,尿道拭子和前列腺液最低。支原体对美满霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素和四环素的敏感率很高,均在95%左右;对甲砜霉素、克林霉素及环丙沙星的敏感率非常低,均在15%以下;大环内脂类药物中对红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素的敏感率有上升趋势,而对罗红霉素的敏感率在下降;喹诺酮药物中除了加替沙星其余药物耐药性均很严重。支原体与HPV感染存在相关性,支原体阳性组HPV阳性率高于支原体阴性组,两组阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论支原体的感染情况及药敏情况均不容乐观,并与HPV感染相关,相关医疗机构应做好支原体的筛查宣传防治工作并合理使用抗生素,以减少支原体感染、提高治疗效果的目的。

Objective To analyse epidemiology and drug resistance of the ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in Zhengzhou district,to provide basis for fair using antibiotic and infection treatment. Research the potential relationship between mycoplasma and HPV. Methods All of the mycoplasma and HPV samples were selected from our hospital during 2013~2015. Results The total number of mycoplasma samples was 30 171. Among them,16 230(53.79%) samples were positive samples. 13 577(45.00%) positive sample were ureaplasma urealyticum,the mycoplasma hominis postive samples were 255(0.85%).The number of samples that infected both was 2 398(7.95%). The rank of examination rate from high to low was leucorrhea,sperm,urethral swabs,cervical secretion and prostatic fluid.The positive rate from high to low is leucorrhea,cervical secretion,sperm,urethral swabs and prostatic fluid. The sensitivity of mycoplasma to minocycline,doxycycline,josamycin and tetracycline were around 95%. However,the sensitive rate to thiamphenicol,clindamycin and ciprofloxacin were quite low,which were below 15%. The sensitive rate to erythromycin,azithromycin,clarithromycin increased in last three years, while the sensitive rate to roxithromycin had decreased. In terms of Quinolone drugs,they had a high rate of drug resistance except for gatifloxacin. HPV was related to the infection of mycoplasma. Also,the HPV positive rate in positive group of mycoplasma was higher than negative group of mycoplasma. Conclusion There is a high degree correlation between the infection of mycoplasma and HPV.Also,the medical institutions have responsibility for controlling mycoplasma infection. Fairing antibiotic application can decrease the mycoplasma infection,which has a wholesome effect on the therapy