2013～2015年云南永胜县健康人群麻疹及乙肝抗体水平监测分析

Analysis on the antibody levels of measles and hepatitis B in population of Yongsheng county during 2013～2015

目的了解永胜县健康人群麻疹及乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)水平,评价疫苗接种效果,为计划免疫工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,应用酶联免疫法检测2013~2015年永胜县辖区居民麻疹Ig G抗体和抗-HBs水平。结果 2013~2015年,麻疹Ig G抗体阳性率为94.98%(1 229/1294);抗-HBs阳性率为60.98%(669/1 097)。不同年份及不同乡镇麻疹及乙肝抗体阳性率均有统计学差异。麻疹抗体阳性率10~13岁最高,为96.88%(155/160),≥18岁最低,为88.57%(124/140);乙肝抗体阳性率8~17月龄最高,为82.80%(130/157),≥18岁最低,为37.93%(33/87)。随着接种史的增加,麻疹及乙肝抗体阳性率增高,且差异有统计学意义。不同性别麻疹及乙肝抗体阳性率无统计学差异。结论永胜县健康人群对麻疹和乙肝已建立一定的免疫屏障,但整体水平不高,提高常规免疫接种率和接种质量,并适时进行强化免疫和查漏补种是今后工作的重点。

Objective To measure the antibody levels of measles and hepatitis B among healthy population in Yongsheng county, and to evaluate the effect of vaccination for scientific evidence to plan following immunization program. Methods By stratified cluster sampling method, we conducted tests on the measles IgG antibody and anti- HBs with ELISA in healthy population in the administrative areas of Yongsheng country from 2013 through 2015, and analyzed the results with software SPSS(version 19.0). Results A total of 1294 measles samples and 1097 anti-HBs samples were tested between 2013 and 2015. The positive rate was respective 94.98%(1229/1294) and 60.98%(669/1097), and varied significantly for measles antibody and anti-HBs in different year and administrative towns. The positive rate was the highest in population aged between 10 and 13 (96.88%, 155/160) for measles antibody and those aged from 8 to 17 months of years(82.80%, 130/157) for anti-HBs, and the lowest in population aged 18 or over(88.57%, 124/140; 37.93%, 33/87, respectively). Positive rate for measles antibody and anti-HBs was increased with immunity history, and the difference was significant, yet remained no significant difference in genders. Conclusion The immune barrier for measles and hepatitis B has been built in population in Yongsheng county. However, the effect is not so satisfactory. Following tasks should target at improvement of the routine immunization rate and quality as well as strengthening the immunization and full immune coverage.