油茶化肥减量配比施肥效应

Fertilization Effect of Camellia with Reduced Ratio of Chemical Fertilizer

为了探讨油茶(Camellia oleifera)化肥减量增效技术,本试验以嫁接4年的油茶高接换冠林分为对象,设计4个处理(处理A:有机肥2.50 kg+化肥0.50 kg,处理B:有机肥3.50 kg+化肥0.25 kg,处理C:有机肥5.00 kg+化肥0.10kg,处理D:化肥1.00 kg),研究有机肥和化肥配施在生长结实、产量及经济性状、效益面的施肥效应,并采用隶属函数法进行综合评价。试验结果表明:冠幅面积、叶片数、花朵数、春梢数在各处理间差异不显著;单株的平均成果数、产果量和产油量3个指标,均以处理A最高,分别达到150.78个、3.72 kg和0.24 kg,比处理D分别提高65.69%、47.04%和50%;不同配比施肥对果实经济性状影响较大,从果油率来看,4个处理两两之间的差异均达到显著水平,依次为处理C>处理D>处理A>处理B。投入产出比为处理A>处理B>处理D>处理C;施肥效应综合评价为处理B>处理A>处理D>处理C。

In order to explored the synergistic effect ofCamellia oleifera with chemical fertilizer reduction,taking 4 years oldCamellia oleifera crown grafting forest as material, four treatments (treatment A:2.50 kg organic fertilizer and 0.50 kg chemical fertilizers, treatment B: 3.50 kg organic fertilizer and 0.25 kg chemical fertilizers,treatment C: 5.00 kg organic fertilizer and 0.10 kg chemical fertilizers,treatment D: 1.00 kg chemical fertilizers) were conducted to study the fertilizing effect of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers on growth, yield and economic traits and benefit. And the membership function method was used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the crown area, the leaf number, the flower number and the spring shoot number were not significantly different among the treatments. Three indicators of treatment A were the maximum, the value was 150.78、3.72 kg and 0.24 kg, respectively. Compared with the treatment D,treatment A was increased by 65.69%、47.04% and 50%, respectively. The effect of different fertilization ratioon fruit economic traits was significant. And the ratio of fruit to oil was higher than that of treatment. The difference of the rate of cone oil between each two treatments was significant, and the order was C>D>A>B. The order of the input-output ratio was A>B>D>C; the order of comprehensive evaluation on fertilization effect was B>A>D>C.