汉代新疆丝绸之路北道路线考辨

On the North Route of the Silk Road in Han Dynasty in Xinjiang

汉武帝时始通西域的北道路线是指从敦煌郡西北的玉门关出发,经过楼兰故城到车师前国,沿天山南麓和塔克拉玛干沙漠北边缘穿行,经过焉耆、山国、危须、尉犁、渠犁、龟兹、姑墨、温宿、尉头等国,最终抵达疏勒国的一条交通主干线。随着新道路的不断开通,北道的名称、起止点、具体路线均发生了变化,并渐行衰落,部分路段自隋唐以降便成为偏路、人迹罕至的小路。

The North Road to the Western Regions during the reign of Emperor HAN Wudi is a main traffic trunk line which started from Yumenguan in northwest Dunhuang and finally arrived in Shule Country.Going through the ancient city of Loulan to Cheshi Front Kingdom,walking along the south slope of Tianshan Mountains and the north edge of Takalamakan Desert,it passes Yanqi,Shan Country,Weixu,Yuli,Quli,Qiuci,Gumo,Wensu,Weitou,etc.With continuous opening of new roads,the North Road’s name,start and stop points,specific routes are changed and declining gradually.Parts of the road became isolated and lonely roads from the Sui and Tang Dynasties.