不同栽培措施对白肋烟TSNAs及其前体物的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Measures on TSNAs and their Precursors in Burley Tobacco

为揭示不同栽培措施对白肋烟烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNAs)及其前体物的影响,采用正交试验研究了施氮量(210、255和300 kg/hm^2)、打顶时间(扣心打顶、现蕾打顶和初花打顶)和BSM剂量(0.1、0.3μmol/L和清水涂抹)3因素组合对上部烟叶TSNAs、生物碱和硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明,施氮量是影响TSNAs及其前体物生物碱、硝酸盐含量的主要因素,施氮量210 kg/hm^2的上部烟叶中TSNAs及其前体物含量均较低。打顶时间对上部叶TSNAs含量影响差异极显著,现蕾打顶TSNAs含量极显著低于扣心和初花打顶。打顶后涂抹BSM,烟叶中生物碱、硝酸盐和TSNAs的含量均较低。综合认为,在本试验条件下,施氮量210 kg/hm^2+现蕾打顶+0.3μmol/L BSM制剂的组合可有效降低上部烟叶TSNAs含量。

To reveal the effects of different cultivation measures on TSNAs and their precursors in burley tobacco,an orthogonal experiment was conducted with different nitrogen application rates(210,255and300kg/ha),topping time(topping at buttoning stage,topping at budding stage and topping at initial flower stage)and BSM doses(0.1,0.3and0.0μmol/L).Contents of TSNAs,alkaloids and nitrate nitrogen were analyzed.The results showed that nitrogen application rate was the main influencing factor of the contents of TSNAs,alkaloids,nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen.Contents of TSNAs and their precursors of upper burley leaves were lower at210kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer.Topping time had an extremely significant effect on TSNA contents of upper leaves.When topping at budding stage TSNA contents were significantly lower than that of topping at buttoning stage and topping at initial flower stage.The contents of TSNAs,alkaloids,nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen with BSM treatment after topping were lower.At the conditions of this experiment,the optimal combination to reduce TSNAs is210kg/ha nitrogen application rate,topping at budding stage and0.3μmol/L BSM.