生物炭与化肥混施对烤烟氮磷钾吸收累积的影响

Effects of Mixed Application of Biochar and Chemical Fertilizers on Uptake and Accumulation of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Flue-cured Tobacco

为了明确生物炭对烤烟生长的营养调控作用,以水稻秸秆生物炭为材料,通过田间试验,研究了生物炭与化肥混施后烤烟氮磷钾养分的吸收累积特征。结果表明,在烤烟团棵期,随着生物炭用量的增加,根中氮和钾含量呈现下降趋势,而磷的含量变化不大。至烤烟平顶期,生物炭用量3000 kg/hm^2的烟株根、茎和叶的氮和钾含量均最高,施用生物炭也能够增加平顶期烟株根中磷含量,但茎和叶中磷含量呈现下降趋势,其中生物炭用量3000 kg/hm^2的烟株茎和叶中磷含量最低。烟株根中氮的累积量随着生物炭用量增加呈下降趋势,但在高生物炭用量下(3000 kg/hm^2)烟株茎以及叶中氮的累积量最高。施用生物炭降低了烤烟根、茎和叶中磷的累积量,但能够增加烤烟对钾素的累积,随着生物炭用量的增加,茎、叶以及全株的钾累积量均呈上升趋势。综合分析,生物炭与化肥混施能够在一定程度上促进烤烟对氮和钾养分的吸收利用,但降低了磷在烤烟中的累积。

In order to determine the effects of biochar on nutrition regulation of flue-cured tobacco,uptake and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in flue-cured tobacco with mixed application of rice straw biochar and chemical fertilizers was studied through field experiments.The results showed that nitrogen and potassium contents in root showed a decreasing trend with the increasing amount of biochar at the resettling stage of flue-cured tobacco,but the phosphorus content in root had little change.Nitrogen and potassium contents in root,stem and leaf of flue-cured tobacco were the highest with biochar application amount of3000kg/ha at the topping stage.Biochar could also increase phosphorus content in roots of flue-cured tobacco at the topping stage,but phosphorus contents in stem and leaf were decreased.Phosphorus content in stem and leaf of flue-cured tobacco were the lowest with biochar application amount of3000kg/ha at the topping stage.The accumulation amount of nitrogen in root decreased with the increasing application amount of biochar.The accumulation of nitrogen in stem and leaf with biochar application amount of3000kg/ha was the highest.The accumulation of phosphorus in root,stem and leaf decreased with the application of biochar,but the accumulation of potassium increased.The accumulation of potassium in tobacco plant showed an increasing trend with the increasing application amount of biochar.In conclusion,the mixed application of biochar and chemical fertilizers could promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen and potassium in flue-cured tobacco,but the accumulation of phosphorus was decreased.