呼伦湖非冰封期与冰封期水化学特征变化研究

Hulun Lake water chemical characteristics analysis during frozen and non frozen period

选取呼伦湖为研究对象,利用Gibbs图分析其主离子组成变化特征,确定呼伦湖湖泊水体离子类型;并对冰封期和非冰封期水化学分布特征进行研究。结果表明:呼伦湖水化学类型为[C]NaⅠ型水;非冰封期内湖泊水体总溶解性固体(TDS)值为831.31 mg·L^(–1),低于冰封期冰下水体TDS均值976.57 mg·L^(–1);电导率(EC)全年极值为2.120 ms·cm^(–1)出现在冰封期内的冰下水体;冰封期内,冰下水体阴阳离子浓度是冰层中的10倍以上;对9月份水体进行分层研究发现表层水各离子浓度平均值较下层偏大,分层无明显规律;Gibbs图显示湖水离子组成受蒸发作用,与干旱区湖泊特征相似。

The variation of the major ions of the Hulun Lake water is analyzed with Gibbs diagram,and the hydro chemical types as well as the distribution characteristics are studied.The results show that the hydro chemical type of the Hulun Lake water is[C]NaⅠ.The average value of TDS is831.31mg·L-1in non frozen period,which is lower than that of the average value976.57mg·L-1in frozen period.The annual extreme value of EC is2.120ms·cm-1in the frozen period in the water body under the ice cover.The concentrations of anions and cations in water are10times more than those of the concentrations in the ice layer.The average ion concentrations in the top layer water are larger than those of bottom water in September and there is no law in vertical distribution layers.