冷原子干涉技术原理及其在深空探测中的应用展望

The Principle of Cold Atom Interferometry and Its Potential Applications in Deep Space Exploration

简要介绍了基于冷原子干涉技术的陀螺仪与重力仪的特点以及国内外研究现状,重点介绍冷原子制备、冷原子分束、反射以及原子内态探测等冷原子干涉关键技术的基本原理及其实现方法。结合深空探测特点,冷原子干涉技术在深空探测领域潜在的应用有两个方面:一方面可应用于深空探测器在飞行、交互、对接以及着陆过程中的自主导航;另一方面可应用于深空探测器引力助推过程中的重力以及加速度的精密测量。

In this paper,the characteristics and the development trend of atomic gyroscope and gravimeters based on cold atomin terferometer are introduced.The principle of the cold atom interferometry and related key technologies such as atom trapping and cooling,cold atom beam-splitting and reflecting,detecting are presented in detail.In the field of deep space exploration,the cold atom interferometry has two potential applications:autonomous navigation for spacecraft during flying,docking,landing phases and precision measurement of gravity during gravity assisting phase.