蒙陕矿区地下水环境系统及采掘扰动

Groundwater environment system and mining disturbance in coal mining area of Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia

针对蒙陕矿区煤炭资源高强度开发与地下水为核心支撑的生态环境保护所面临的诸多问题,根据蒙陕矿区地质与水文地质结构特征,从地下水系统与水环境相关概念内涵及其相互依存关系出发,提出了地下水环境系统的概念;并从系统的空间结构特征、行为属性及其功能控制要素特征入手,将地下水环境系统细分为"结构控制层"、"水力驱动层"和"外围扰动层"3层结构;分析研究了不同结构层的功能、作用、主要组成要素及其状态表征指标,通过分析煤炭采掘活动与地下水环境系统相关结构要素的互馈机理,得出采煤活动通过对地下水环境系统中"结构控制层"的扰动进而导致"水力驱动层"的响应是诱发地下水环境系统演变的根本原因。

Aiming at many problems that the intense coal resources development and the ecological environmental protection supported by groundwater as the core are facing in the coal mining areas of Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia,on the basis of the geological and hydrogeological characteristics in the areas,from the concept connotation and the interdependent relation related to groundwater system and water environments,the paper proposed the concept of groundwater environment system.Starting with structural feature,behavior attribute and functional controlling factors of the system,divided the groundwater environment system into the“structure-controlled layer”,“hydraulic-driven layer”and“external disturbed layer”,analyzed the function,role,principal components and their characteristic index of different structural layers.Through the analysis of the crossfeed mechanism of coal mining activities and the structural factors related to groundwater environment system,it is concluded that mining activities disturb the“structure-Controlled layer”and result in the response of“hydraulic-driven layer”,is the basic reason for the evolution of the groundwater environment system.